""" 数学题练习器 —— 计算小能手 功能：四则运算练习 + 乘法表查看 """ import tkinter as tk from tkinter import ttk, messagebox import random import time # ==================== 四则运算练习模块 ==================== class ArithmeticQuiz: """四则运算出题与判题""" OPERATORS = ['+', '-', '×', '÷'] def __init__(self): self.reset() def reset(self): self.score = 0 self.total = 0 self.streak = 0 # 连续答对 self.best_streak = 0 self.current_answer = None self.current_question = "" def generate(self, difficulty='简单', op_set=None): """生成一道题，返回 (题目字符串, 正确答案)""" if op_set is None: op_set = self.OPERATORS op = random.choice(op_set) if difficulty == '简单': if op in ('+', '-'): a = random.randint(1, 20) b = random.randint(1, 20) elif op == '×': a = random.randint(1, 9) b = random.randint(1, 9) else: # ÷ b = random.randint(1, 9) ans = random.randint(1, 9) a = b * ans elif difficulty == '中等': if op in ('+', '-'): a = random.randint(10, 99) b = random.randint(10, 99) elif op == '×': a = random.randint(2, 25) b = random.randint(2, 25) else: b = random.randint(2, 12) ans = random.randint(2, 12) a = b * ans else: # 困难 if op in ('+', '-'): a = random.randint(50, 999) b = random.randint(50, 999) elif op == '×': a = random.randint(10, 99) b = random.randint(10, 99) else: b = random.randint(2, 25) ans = random.randint(2, 25) a = b * ans # 减法保证非负 if op == '-' and a < b: a, b = b, a # 除法用预计算的 ans if op == '÷': question = f"{a} ÷ {b}" return question, ans question = f"{a} {op} {b}" if op == '+': ans = a + b elif op == '-': ans = a - b elif op == '×': ans = a * b else: ans = None # 不会到这里 return question, ans def check(self, question, user_input): try: user_ans = int(user_input) except ValueError: return False, "请输入有效数字" self.total += 1 if user_ans == self.current_answer: self.score += 1 self.streak += 1 self.best_streak = max(self.best_streak, self.streak) return True, "✅ 回答正确！" else: self.streak = 0 return False, f"❌ 答错了，正确答案是 {self.current_answer}" # ==================== 主应用 ==================== class MathPracticeApp: def __init__(self, root): self.root = root self.root.title("🧮 计算小能手 —— 数学题练习器") self.root.geometry("720x560") self.root.minsize(680, 520) self.root.configure(bg="#F5F5F0") # 样式 self.style = ttk.Style() try: self.style.theme_use('clam') except: pass self.style.configure('TNotebook.Tab', font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11, 'bold')) self.style.configure('Title.TLabel', font=('Microsoft YaHei', 18, 'bold'), background='#F5F5F0', foreground='#2C3E50') self.style.configure('Info.TLabel', font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11), background='#F5F5F0', foreground='#34495E') self.style.configure('Big.TLabel', font=('Microsoft YaHei', 28, 'bold'), background='#FFFFFF', foreground='#E74C3C') self.style.configure('Feedback.TLabel', font=('Microsoft YaHei', 12), background='#F5F5F0') self.style.configure('TButton', font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11)) self.style.configure('Accent.TButton', font=('Microsoft YaHei', 12, 'bold')) self.quiz = ArithmeticQuiz() self.start_time = None self.timer_running = False self._build_ui() # ---------- UI 构建 ---------- def _build_ui(self): # 顶部标题 header = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#2C3E50", height=56) header.pack(fill=tk.X) header.pack_propagate(False) tk.Label(header, text="🧮 计算小能手 · 数学题练习器", font=('Microsoft YaHei', 18, 'bold'), bg="#2C3E50", fg="#ECF0F1").pack(pady=12) # Notebook 选项卡 self.notebook = ttk.Notebook(self.root) self.notebook.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=10, pady=(10, 5)) # 选项卡1：四则运算 self.tab_quiz = tk.Frame(self.notebook, bg="#F5F5F0") self.notebook.add(self.tab_quiz, text=" ✏️ 四则运算练习 ") self._build_quiz_tab() # 选项卡2：乘法表 self.tab_table = tk.Frame(self.notebook, bg="#F5F5F0") self.notebook.add(self.tab_table, text=" 📊 乘法口诀表 ") self._build_table_tab() # 底部状态栏 self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="欢迎使用！点击「开始练习」按钮开始答题吧~") status_bar = tk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var, font=('Microsoft YaHei', 10), bg="#ECF0F1", fg="#7F8C8D", anchor=tk.W, padx=12, pady=4) status_bar.pack(fill=tk.X, side=tk.BOTTOM) # ========== 选项卡1：四则运算 ========== def _build_quiz_tab(self): tab = self.tab_quiz # 控制区 ctrl = tk.LabelFrame(tab, text="⚙️ 设置", font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11, 'bold'), bg="#F5F5F0", fg="#2C3E50", padx=12, pady=8) ctrl.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=8) # 难度 tk.Label(ctrl, text="难度：", font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11), bg="#F5F5F0").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=(0, 6)) self.diff_var = tk.StringVar(value="简单") diff_combo = ttk.Combobox(ctrl, textvariable=self.diff_var, state="readonly", width=8, values=["简单", "中等", "困难"]) diff_combo.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=4) # 运算类型 tk.Label(ctrl, text="运算：", font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11), bg="#F5F5F0").grid(row=0, column=2, padx=(16, 6)) self.op_vars = { '+': tk.BooleanVar(value=True), '-': tk.BooleanVar(value=True), '×': tk.BooleanVar(value=True), '÷': tk.BooleanVar(value=True), } for i, (sym, var) in enumerate(self.op_vars.items()): cb = tk.Checkbutton(ctrl, text=sym, variable=var, font=('Microsoft YaHei', 12, 'bold'), bg="#F5F5F0", selectcolor="#DFE6E9") cb.grid(row=0, column=3 + i, padx=4) # 开始按钮 ttk.Button(ctrl, text="▶ 开始练习", command=self.start_quiz, style='Accent.TButton').grid(row=0, column=7, padx=(20, 0)) ttk.Button(ctrl, text="🔄 重置", command=self.reset_quiz).grid(row=0, column=8, padx=6) ctrl.columnconfigure(7, weight=1) # 答题区 quiz_area = tk.LabelFrame(tab, text="✏️ 答题区", font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11, 'bold'), bg="#F5F5F0", fg="#2C3E50", padx=16, pady=16) quiz_area.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=12, pady=(0, 8)) self.question_var = tk.StringVar(value="点击「开始练习」出题") tk.Label(quiz_area, textvariable=self.question_var, font=('Microsoft YaHei', 36, 'bold'), bg="#FFFFFF", fg="#E74C3C", width=16, height=2, relief=tk.RAISED, bd=2).pack(pady=14) input_row = tk.Frame(quiz_area, bg="#F5F5F0") input_row.pack(pady=6) tk.Label(input_row, text="你的答案：", font=('Microsoft YaHei', 13, 'bold'), bg="#F5F5F0").pack(side=tk.LEFT) self.answer_entry = ttk.Entry(input_row, font=('Microsoft YaHei', 16, 'bold'), width=12, justify=tk.CENTER) self.answer_entry.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8) self.answer_entry.bind('', lambda e: self.submit_answer()) self.answer_entry.config(state=tk.DISABLED) btn_row = tk.Frame(quiz_area, bg="#F5F5F0") btn_row.pack(pady=10) ttk.Button(btn_row, text="✅ 提交答案", command=self.submit_answer, style='Accent.TButton').pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=6) ttk.Button(btn_row, text="⏭ 跳过", command=self.next_question).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=6) self.feedback_var = tk.StringVar(value="") self.feedback_label = tk.Label(quiz_area, textvariable=self.feedback_var, font=('Microsoft YaHei', 13, 'bold'), bg="#F5F5F0", fg="#2C3E50") self.feedback_label.pack(pady=6) # 统计区 stats = tk.LabelFrame(tab, text="📈 战绩统计", font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11, 'bold'), bg="#F5F5F0", fg="#2C3E50", padx=12, pady=8) stats.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=(0, 10)) self.stat_score = tk.StringVar(value="得分：0 / 0") self.stat_acc = tk.StringVar(value="正确率：0%") self.stat_streak = tk.StringVar(value="连击：0 🔥最佳：0") self.stat_time = tk.StringVar(value="用时：00:00") tk.Label(stats, textvariable=self.stat_score, font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11, 'bold'), bg="#F5F5F0", fg="#2980B9").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=18) tk.Label(stats, textvariable=self.stat_acc, font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11, 'bold'), bg="#F5F5F0", fg="#27AE60").grid(row=0, column=1, padx=18) tk.Label(stats, textvariable=self.stat_streak, font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11, 'bold'), bg="#F5F5F0", fg="#E67E22").grid(row=0, column=2, padx=18) tk.Label(stats, textvariable=self.stat_time, font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11, 'bold'), bg="#F5F5F0", fg="#8E44AD").grid(row=0, column=3, padx=18) # ========== 选项卡2：乘法表 ========== def _build_table_tab(self): tab = self.tab_table # 控制区 ctrl = tk.Frame(tab, bg="#F5F5F0") ctrl.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=8) tk.Label(ctrl, text="范围：", font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11), bg="#F5F5F0").pack(side=tk.LEFT) self.table_max = tk.IntVar(value=9) for v in [9, 12, 15, 20]: tk.Radiobutton(ctrl, text=f"{v}×{v}", variable=self.table_max, value=v, font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11, 'bold'), bg="#F5F5F0", selectcolor="#DFE6E9", command=self.refresh_table).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=6) ttk.Button(ctrl, text="🔍 高亮某行", command=self.highlight_row).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=(20, 4)) self.highlight_var = tk.StringVar(value="") ttk.Entry(ctrl, textvariable=self.highlight_var, width=6, justify=tk.CENTER, font=('Microsoft YaHei', 11)).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4) # 表格区（Canvas + Scrollbar） table_frame = tk.Frame(tab, bg="#F5F5F0") table_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=12, pady=(0, 12)) self.canvas = tk.Canvas(table_frame, bg="#FFFFFF", highlightthickness=1, highlightbackground="#BDC3C7") hbar = ttk.Scrollbar(table_frame, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, command=self.canvas.xview) vbar = ttk.Scrollbar(table_frame, orient=tk.VERTICAL, command=self.canvas.yview) self.canvas.configure(xscrollcommand=hbar.set, yscrollcommand=vbar.set) hbar.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, fill=tk.X) vbar.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y) self.canvas.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) self.table_inner = tk.Frame(self.canvas, bg="#FFFFFF") self.canvas.create_window((0, 0), window=self.table_inner, anchor=tk.NW) self.refresh_table() # ---------- 四则运算逻辑 ---------- def start_quiz(self): # 检查至少选了一个运算符 selected = [s for s, v in self.op_vars.items() if v.get()] if not selected: messagebox.showwarning("提示", "请至少选择一种运算符号！") return self.quiz.reset() self.start_time = time.time() self.timer_running = True self.answer_entry.config(state=tk.NORMAL) self.answer_entry.focus_set() self._tick_timer() self.status_var.set("练习中… 加油！") self.next_question() def reset_quiz(self): self.quiz.reset() self.timer_running = False self.question_var.set("点击「开始练习」出题") self.feedback_var.set("") self.answer_entry.config(state=tk.DISABLED) self.answer_entry.delete(0, tk.END) self.start_time = None self._update_stats() self.stat_time.set("用时：00:00") self.status_var.set("已重置，随时可以开始新的练习~") def next_question(self, event=None): if not self.timer_running: return selected = [s for s, v in self.op_vars.items() if v.get()] q, ans = self.quiz.generate(difficulty=self.diff_var.get(), op_set=selected) self.quiz.current_question = q self.quiz.current_answer = ans self.question_var.set(f"{q} = ?") self.answer_entry.delete(0, tk.END) self.answer_entry.focus_set() self.feedback_var.set("") self._update_stats() def submit_answer(self): if not self.timer_running: return user_input = self.answer_entry.get().strip() if not user_input: self.feedback_var.set("⚠️ 请输入答案") self.feedback_label.config(fg="#E67E22") return ok, msg = self.quiz.check(self.quiz.current_question, user_input) self.feedback_var.set(msg) self.feedback_label.config(fg="#27AE60" if ok else "#E74C3C") self._update_stats() # 0.8 秒后自动出下一题 self.root.after(900, self.next_question) def _update_stats(self): q = self.quiz self.stat_score.set(f"得分：{q.score} / {q.total}") acc = (q.score / q.total * 100) if q.total else 0 self.stat_acc.set(f"正确率：{acc:.0f}%") self.stat_streak.set(f"连击：{q.streak} 🔥最佳：{q.best_streak}") def _tick_timer(self): if self.timer_running and self.start_time: elapsed = int(time.time() - self.start_time) m, s = divmod(elapsed, 60) self.stat_time.set(f"用时：{m:02d}:{s:02d}") self.root.after(1000, self._tick_timer) # ---------- 乘法表逻辑 ---------- def refresh_table(self): # 清掉旧控件 for w in self.table_inner.winfo_children(): w.destroy() n = self.table_max.get() colors = ["#FDEBD0", "#D5F5E3", "#D6EAF8", "#F5B7B1", "#E8DAEF", "#F9E79F", "#D1F2EB", "#FADBD8", "#D4EFDF", "#FCF3CF"] # 表头行 tk.Label(self.table_inner, text="×", font=('Microsoft YaHei', 12, 'bold'), bg="#2C3E50", fg="white", width=5, height=2, relief=tk.RIDGE).grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew") for j in range(1, n + 1): tk.Label(self.table_inner, text=str(j), font=('Microsoft YaHei', 12, 'bold'), bg="#2C3E50", fg="white", width=6, height=2, relief=tk.RIDGE).grid(row=0, column=j, sticky="nsew") # 数据行 for i in range(1, n + 1): # 行头 tk.Label(self.table_inner, text=str(i), font=('Microsoft YaHei', 12, 'bold'), bg="#2C3E50", fg="white", width=5, height=2, relief=tk.RIDGE).grid(row=i, column=0, sticky="nsew") bg_base = colors[(i - 1) % len(colors)] for j in range(1, n + 1): val = i * j bg = bg_base if i <= j else "#F8F9FA" fg = "#C0392B" if i == j else "#2C3E50" font_style = ('Microsoft YaHei', 11, 'bold') if i == j else ('Microsoft YaHei', 11) cell = tk.Label(self.table_inner, text=str(val), font=font_style, bg=bg, fg=fg, width=6, height=2, relief=tk.RIDGE) cell.grid(row=i, column=j, sticky="nsew") # 悬停提示 cell.bind("", lambda e, x=i, y=j: self.status_var.set(f"💡 {x} × {y} = {x*y}")) cell.bind("", lambda e: self.status_var.set("")) self.table_inner.update_idletasks() self.canvas.config(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox(tk.ALL)) def highlight_row(self): try: row = int(self.highlight_var.get().strip()) except ValueError: messagebox.showinfo("提示", "请输入要高亮的行号（数字）") return n = self.table_max.get() if not (1 <= row <= n): messagebox.showinfo("提示", f"行号范围 1 ~ {n}") return # 简单实现：弹窗显示该行内容 line = " ".join(f"{row}×{j}={row*j}" for j in range(1, n + 1)) messagebox.showinfo(f"第 {row} 行乘法口诀", line) # ==================== 启动 ==================== if __name__ == "__main__": root = tk.Tk() app = MathPracticeApp(root) root.mainloop()