import tkinter as tk import random import math CELL = 20 COLS = 30 ROWS = 28 WIDTH = COLS * CELL HEIGHT = ROWS * CELL class SnakeGame: def __init__(self, root): self.root = root self.root.title("016. 贪吃蛇") self.root.resizable(False, False) self.canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width=WIDTH, height=HEIGHT, bg="#1a1a2e") self.canvas.pack() # 蛇身（坐标列表，头在前面） self.snake = [(ROWS // 2, COLS // 2)] self.direction = (0, 1) # 初始向右 self.next_direction = (0, 1) self.food = None self.score = 0 self.high_score = 0 self.running = True self.paused = False # UI 文字 self.score_text = self.canvas.create_text( 10, 10, anchor="nw", text="", fill="white", font=("Consolas", 12, "bold") ) self.hint_text = self.canvas.create_text( WIDTH // 2, 30, anchor="n", text="方向键控制 | 空格暂停 | P 重新开始", fill="#888888", font=("Microsoft YaHei", 10) ) self.spawn_food() self.update_ui() self.bind_keys() self.game_loop() def bind_keys(self): self.root.bind("", lambda e: self.set_dir((-1, 0))) self.root.bind("", lambda e: self.set_dir((1, 0))) self.root.bind("", lambda e: self.set_dir((0, -1))) self.root.bind("", lambda e: self.set_dir((0, 1))) self.root.bind("", lambda e: self.toggle_pause()) self.root.bind("

", lambda e: self.restart()) self.root.bind("", lambda e: self.root.quit()) def set_dir(self, d): # 禁止直接反向 if d[0] + self.direction[0] != 0 or d[1] + self.direction[1] != 0: self.next_direction = d def spawn_food(self): while True: pos = (random.randint(0, ROWS - 1), random.randint(0, COLS - 1)) if pos not in self.snake: self.food = pos break def draw(self): self.canvas.delete("snake", "food") # 画蛇（头部大一点，身体渐变） for i, (r, c) in enumerate(self.snake): x1 = c * CELL + 1 y1 = r * CELL + 1 x2 = x1 + CELL - 2 y2 = y1 + CELL - 2 if i == 0: # 蛇头（亮绿色，稍大） self.canvas.create_oval( x1 - 1, y1 - 1, x2 + 1, y2 + 1, fill="#00ff88", outline="#00cc66", width=1, tags="snake" ) # 眼睛 eye_offset = 3 if self.direction == (0, 1): # 右 self.canvas.create_oval(x2 - 6, y1 + 4, x2 - 2, y1 + 8, fill="white", tags="snake") self.canvas.create_oval(x2 - 5, y1 + 5, x2 - 3, y1 + 7, fill="black", tags="snake") elif self.direction == (0, -1): # 左 self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + 2, y1 + 4, x1 + 6, y1 + 8, fill="white", tags="snake") self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + 3, y1 + 5, x1 + 5, y1 + 7, fill="black", tags="snake") elif self.direction == (-1, 0): # 上 self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + 4, y1 + 2, x1 + 8, y1 + 6, fill="white", tags="snake") self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + 5, y1 + 3, x1 + 7, y1 + 5, fill="black", tags="snake") else: # 下 self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + 4, y2 - 6, x1 + 8, y2 - 2, fill="white", tags="snake") self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + 5, y2 - 5, x1 + 7, y2 - 3, fill="black", tags="snake") else: # 蛇身（渐变绿色） ratio = i / max(len(self.snake) - 1, 1) g = int(200 - ratio * 80) color = f"#00{g:02x}66" self.canvas.create_oval( x1, y1, x2, y2, fill=color, outline="#004422", width=1, tags="snake" ) # 画食物（红色，带光晕） fr, fc = self.food fx1 = fc * CELL + 2 fy1 = fr * CELL + 2 fx2 = fx1 + CELL - 4 fy2 = fy1 + CELL - 4 # 光晕 self.canvas.create_oval( fx1 - 2, fy1 - 2, fx2 + 2, fy2 + 2, fill="#ff6666", outline="", tags="food" ) # 主体 self.canvas.create_oval( fx1, fy1, fx2, fy2, fill="#ff3333", outline="#cc0000", width=1, tags="food" ) def update_ui(self): if self.paused: text = f"⏸ 暂停中 | 得分: {self.score} | 最高: {self.high_score}" else: text = f"得分: {self.score} | 最高: {self.high_score}" self.canvas.itemconfig(self.score_text, text=text) def toggle_pause(self): if not self.running: return self.paused = not self.paused self.update_ui() def game_loop(self): if not self.running: return if not self.paused: self.direction = self.next_direction head = self.snake[0] new_head = (head[0] + self.direction[0], head[1] + self.direction[1]) # 撞墙 if (new_head[0] < 0 or new_head[0] >= ROWS or new_head[1] < 0 or new_head[1] >= COLS): self.game_over() return # 撞自己 if new_head in self.snake: self.game_over() return self.snake.insert(0, new_head) # 吃食物 if new_head == self.food: self.score += 10 self.high_score = max(self.high_score, self.score) self.spawn_food() else: self.snake.pop() self.draw() self.update_ui() speed = max(60, 130 - len(self.snake) * 2) self.root.after(speed, self.game_loop) def game_over(self): self.running = False # 半透明遮罩效果 self.canvas.create_rectangle( 0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT, fill="#000000", stipple="gray50", tags="overlay" ) self.canvas.create_text( WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2 - 30, text="游戏结束！", fill="#ff4444", font=("Microsoft YaHei", 28, "bold"), tags="overlay" ) self.canvas.create_text( WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2 + 20, text=f"最终得分: {self.score}", fill="white", font=("Consolas", 16), tags="overlay" ) self.canvas.create_text( WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2 + 60, text="按 P 重新开始 | ESC 退出", fill="#aaaaaa", font=("Microsoft YaHei", 11), tags="overlay" ) def restart(self): self.canvas.delete("all") self.snake = [(ROWS // 2, COLS // 2)] self.direction = (0, 1) self.next_direction = (0, 1) self.score = 0 self.running = True self.paused = False self.score_text = self.canvas.create_text( 10, 10, anchor="nw", text="", fill="white", font=("Consolas", 12, "bold") ) self.hint_text = self.canvas.create_text( WIDTH // 2, 30, anchor="n", text="方向键控制 | 空格暂停 | P 重新开始", fill="#888888", font=("Microsoft YaHei", 10) ) self.spawn_food() self.update_ui() self.game_loop() if __name__ == "__main__": root = tk.Tk() SnakeGame(root) root.mainloop()