import tkinter as tk from tkinter import messagebox import random import time class SnakeGame: def __init__(self, root): self.root = root self.root.title("Snake Game - Tkinter") self.root.resizable(False, False) # 游戏参数 self.grid_size = 20 self.grid_width = 30 self.grid_height = 20 self.cell_size = 25 self.speed = 150 # 初始速度（毫秒） # 颜色定义 self.bg_color = "#1a1a1a" self.grid_color = "#2a2a2a" self.snake_color = "#4CAF50" self.snake_head_color = "#388E3C" self.food_color = "#F44336" self.text_color = "#FFFFFF" self.score_color = "#FFC107" # 初始化游戏状态 self.score = 0 self.high_score = 0 self.game_over = False self.paused = False self.direction = "Right" self.next_direction = "Right" # 创建UI self.create_widgets() self.setup_game() # 绑定按键事件 self.root.bind("", self.key_pressed) # 开始游戏循环 self.game_loop() def create_widgets(self): # 创建主框架 main_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg=self.bg_color) main_frame.pack(padx=20, pady=20) # 分数面板 score_frame = tk.Frame(main_frame, bg=self.bg_color) score_frame.pack(fill="x", pady=(0, 10)) self.score_label = tk.Label(score_frame, text=f"Score: 0", font=("Arial", 16, "bold"), fg=self.text_color, bg=self.bg_color) self.score_label.pack(side="left", padx=10) self.high_score_label = tk.Label(score_frame, text=f"High Score: 0", font=("Arial", 16, "bold"), fg=self.score_color, bg=self.bg_color) self.high_score_label.pack(side="right", padx=10) # 游戏区域 canvas_width = self.grid_width * self.cell_size canvas_height = self.grid_height * self.cell_size self.canvas = tk.Canvas(main_frame, width=canvas_width, height=canvas_height, bg=self.bg_color, highlightthickness=2, highlightbackground=self.grid_color) self.canvas.pack() # 绘制网格 self.draw_grid() # 控制面板 control_frame = tk.Frame(main_frame, bg=self.bg_color) control_frame.pack(fill="x", pady=(10, 0)) # 控制按钮 button_style = {"font": ("Arial", 12), "width": 10, "height": 1, "bg": "#2196F3", "fg": "white"} self.start_btn = tk.Button(control_frame, text="Start Game", command=self.start_game, **button_style) self.start_btn.pack(side="left", padx=5) self.pause_btn = tk.Button(control_frame, text="Pause", command=self.toggle_pause, state="disabled", **button_style) self.pause_btn.pack(side="left", padx=5) self.restart_btn = tk.Button(control_frame, text="Restart", command=self.restart_game, state="disabled", **button_style) self.restart_btn.pack(side="left", padx=5) # 难度选择 difficulty_frame = tk.Frame(control_frame, bg=self.bg_color) difficulty_frame.pack(side="right") tk.Label(difficulty_frame, text="Speed:", font=("Arial", 12), fg=self.text_color, bg=self.bg_color).pack(side="left", padx=(0, 5)) self.speed_var = tk.StringVar(value="Normal") speeds = [("Slow", 200), ("Normal", 150), ("Fast", 100), ("Very Fast", 70)] for speed_text, _ in speeds: tk.Radiobutton(difficulty_frame, text=speed_text, variable=self.speed_var, value=speed_text, command=self.change_speed, font=("Arial", 10), fg=self.text_color, bg=self.bg_color, selectcolor="#333333").pack(side="left", padx=2) # 控制说明 instructions = tk.Label(main_frame, text="Controls: ↑ ↓ ← → or WASD to move | P: Pause | R: Restart", font=("Arial", 10), fg="#888888", bg=self.bg_color) instructions.pack(pady=(10, 0)) def draw_grid(self): """绘制游戏网格""" for x in range(0, self.grid_width * self.cell_size, self.cell_size): self.canvas.create_line(x, 0, x, self.grid_height * self.cell_size, fill=self.grid_color, width=1) for y in range(0, self.grid_height * self.cell_size, self.cell_size): self.canvas.create_line(0, y, self.grid_width * self.cell_size, y, fill=self.grid_color, width=1) def setup_game(self): """初始化游戏""" # 清空画布 self.canvas.delete("all") self.draw_grid() # 初始化蛇的位置（中间位置） center_x = self.grid_width // 2 center_y = self.grid_height // 2 self.snake = [ (center_x, center_y), (center_x - 1, center_y), (center_x - 2, center_y) ] # 初始化食物 self.food = None self.generate_food() # 初始化方向 self.direction = "Right" self.next_direction = "Right" # 绘制初始状态 self.draw_snake() self.draw_food() # 更新按钮状态 self.start_btn.config(state="normal") self.pause_btn.config(state="disabled", text="Pause") self.restart_btn.config(state="disabled") # 重置游戏状态 self.game_over = False self.paused = False self.score = 0 self.update_score() def draw_snake(self): """绘制蛇""" for i, (x, y) in enumerate(self.snake): x1 = x * self.cell_size y1 = y * self.cell_size x2 = x1 + self.cell_size y2 = y1 + self.cell_size # 蛇头用不同颜色 if i == 0: color = self.snake_head_color outline = "#81C784" # 绘制蛇眼睛 eye_size = self.cell_size // 5 eye_offset = self.cell_size // 3 # 根据方向计算眼睛位置 if self.direction == "Right": self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + self.cell_size - eye_offset, y1 + eye_offset, x1 + self.cell_size - eye_offset + eye_size, y1 + eye_offset + eye_size, fill="white") self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + self.cell_size - eye_offset, y2 - eye_offset - eye_size, x1 + self.cell_size - eye_offset + eye_size, y2 - eye_offset, fill="white") elif self.direction == "Left": self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + eye_offset, y1 + eye_offset, x1 + eye_offset + eye_size, y1 + eye_offset + eye_size, fill="white") self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + eye_offset, y2 - eye_offset - eye_size, x1 + eye_offset + eye_size, y2 - eye_offset, fill="white") elif self.direction == "Up": self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + eye_offset, y1 + eye_offset, x1 + eye_offset + eye_size, y1 + eye_offset + eye_size, fill="white") self.canvas.create_oval(x2 - eye_offset - eye_size, y1 + eye_offset, x2 - eye_offset, y1 + eye_offset + eye_size, fill="white") elif self.direction == "Down": self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + eye_offset, y2 - eye_offset - eye_size, x1 + eye_offset + eye_size, y2 - eye_offset, fill="white") self.canvas.create_oval(x2 - eye_offset - eye_size, y2 - eye_offset - eye_size, x2 - eye_offset, y2 - eye_offset, fill="white") else: color = self.snake_color outline = "#A5D6A7" # 绘制蛇身体 self.canvas.create_rectangle(x1, y1, x2, y2, fill=color, outline=outline, width=2, tags="snake") # 为身体节段添加圆角效果 if i > 0: self.canvas.create_oval(x1 + 2, y1 + 2, x2 - 2, y2 - 2, fill=color, outline=outline, width=1) def draw_food(self): """绘制食物""" if self.food: x, y = self.food x1 = x * self.cell_size y1 = y * self.cell_size x2 = x1 + self.cell_size y2 = y1 + self.cell_size # 绘制苹果形状的食物 center_x = (x1 + x2) / 2 center_y = (y1 + y2) / 2 radius = self.cell_size // 2 - 2 # 苹果主体 self.canvas.create_oval(center_x - radius, center_y - radius, center_x + radius, center_y + radius, fill=self.food_color, outline="#D32F2F", width=2, tags="food") # 苹果茎 stem_x = center_x stem_y = y1 + 2 self.canvas.create_line(stem_x, stem_y, stem_x, stem_y - 6, fill="#8D6E63", width=2) # 苹果叶子 self.canvas.create_oval(stem_x - 3, stem_y - 8, stem_x + 7, stem_y - 2, fill="#388E3C", outline="") def generate_food(self): """生成新的食物位置""" while True: x = random.randint(0, self.grid_width - 1) y = random.randint(0, self.grid_height - 1) # 确保食物不在蛇身上 if (x, y) not in self.snake: self.food = (x, y) break def move_snake(self): """移动蛇""" if self.game_over or self.paused: return # 更新方向 self.direction = self.next_direction # 获取蛇头位置 head_x, head_y = self.snake[0] # 根据方向计算新的头部位置 if self.direction == "Up": new_head = (head_x, head_y - 1) elif self.direction == "Down": new_head = (head_x, head_y + 1) elif self.direction == "Left": new_head = (head_x - 1, head_y) elif self.direction == "Right": new_head = (head_x + 1, head_y) # 检查是否撞墙 if (new_head[0] < 0 or new_head[0] >= self.grid_width or new_head[1] < 0 or new_head[1] >= self.grid_height): self.game_over = True self.show_game_over() return # 检查是否撞到自己 if new_head in self.snake: self.game_over = True self.show_game_over() return # 在头部添加新位置 self.snake.insert(0, new_head) # 检查是否吃到食物 if new_head == self.food: self.score += 10 self.update_score() self.generate_food() # 每得50分增加速度 if self.score % 50 == 0 and self.speed > 50: self.speed = max(50, self.speed - 20) else: # 如果没有吃到食物，移除尾部 self.snake.pop() # 重绘游戏 self.canvas.delete("all") self.draw_grid() self.draw_food() self.draw_snake() def update_score(self): """更新分数显示""" self.score_label.config(text=f"Score: {self.score}") if self.score > self.high_score: self.high_score = self.score self.high_score_label.config(text=f"High Score: {self.high_score}") def show_game_over(self): """显示游戏结束界面""" self.canvas.create_text( self.grid_width * self.cell_size / 2, self.grid_height * self.cell_size / 2 - 30, text="GAME OVER", font=("Arial", 36, "bold"), fill="#FF5252" ) self.canvas.create_text( self.grid_width * self.cell_size / 2, self.grid_height * self.cell_size / 2 + 20, text=f"Final Score: {self.score}", font=("Arial", 20), fill="#FFC107" ) self.canvas.create_text( self.grid_width * self.cell_size / 2, self.grid_height * self.cell_size / 2 + 60, text="Press 'R' to restart or click Restart button", font=("Arial", 12), fill="#BDBDBD" ) # 更新按钮状态 self.start_btn.config(state="disabled") self.pause_btn.config(state="disabled") self.restart_btn.config(state="normal") def key_pressed(self, event): """处理按键事件""" key = event.keysym # 方向控制 if key in ("Up", "w", "W") and self.direction != "Down": self.next_direction = "Up" elif key in ("Down", "s", "S") and self.direction != "Up": self.next_direction = "Down" elif key in ("Left", "a", "A") and self.direction != "Right": self.next_direction = "Left" elif key in ("Right", "d", "D") and self.direction != "Left": self.next_direction = "Right" # 功能键 elif key == "p" or key == "P": self.toggle_pause() elif key == "r" or key == "R": self.restart_game() elif key == "space": if not self.game_over: self.start_game() def start_game(self): """开始游戏""" if not self.game_over: self.paused = False self.start_btn.config(state="disabled") self.pause_btn.config(state="normal", text="Pause") self.restart_btn.config(state="normal") def toggle_pause(self): """暂停/继续游戏""" if not self.game_over: self.paused = not self.paused if self.paused: self.pause_btn.config(text="Resume") # 显示暂停文本 self.canvas.create_text( self.grid_width * self.cell_size / 2, self.grid_height * self.cell_size / 2, text="PAUSED", font=("Arial", 36, "bold"), fill="#2196F3" ) else: self.pause_btn.config(text="Pause") def restart_game(self): """重新开始游戏""" self.setup_game() self.start_game() def change_speed(self): """改变游戏速度""" speed_map = { "Slow": 200, "Normal": 150, "Fast": 100, "Very Fast": 70 } self.speed = speed_map[self.speed_var.get()] def game_loop(self): """游戏主循环""" if not self.game_over and not self.paused: self.move_snake() # 继续游戏循环 self.root.after(self.speed, self.game_loop) def main(): root = tk.Tk() # 设置窗口位置在屏幕中央 window_width = 850 window_height = 650 screen_width = root.winfo_screenwidth() screen_height = root.winfo_screenheight() x = (screen_width - window_width) // 2 y = (screen_height - window_height) // 2 root.geometry(f"{window_width}x{window_height}+{x}+{y}") # 创建游戏实例 game = SnakeGame(root) # 运行主循环 root.mainloop() if __name__ == "__main__": main()