import tkinter as tk from tkinter import font import math class Calculator: def __init__(self, root): self.root = root self.root.title("Python 计算器") self.root.geometry("400x600") self.root.resizable(False, False) # 设置颜色主题 self.bg_color = "#2E2E2E" self.btn_color = "#4A4A4A" self.text_color = "#FFFFFF" self.accent_color = "#FF9500" self.root.configure(bg=self.bg_color) # 创建字体 self.display_font = font.Font(family="Arial", size=28, weight="bold") self.button_font = font.Font(family="Arial", size=18, weight="normal") # 初始化变量 self.current_input = "" self.previous_input = "" self.operation = None self.result_displayed = False # 创建界面 self.create_widgets() def create_widgets(self): # 显示区域 self.display_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg=self.bg_color, height=150) self.display_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, padx=20, pady=(20, 10)) # 历史显示 self.history_label = tk.Label( self.display_frame, text="", bg=self.bg_color, fg="#888888", font=("Arial", 12), anchor=tk.E ) self.history_label.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) # 当前输入显示 self.display = tk.Entry( self.display_frame, font=self.display_font, bg=self.bg_color, fg=self.text_color, bd=0, justify=tk.RIGHT, insertbackground=self.text_color ) self.display.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) self.display.insert(0, "0") self.display.config(state='readonly') # 按钮区域 self.buttons_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg=self.bg_color) self.buttons_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=20, pady=10) # 按钮布局 buttons = [ ("C", 1, 0, 1, "#FF3B30"), ("±", 1, 1, 1, "#5C5C5C"), ("%", 1, 2, 1, "#5C5C5C"), ("÷", 1, 3, 1, self.accent_color), ("7", 2, 0, 1, self.btn_color), ("8", 2, 1, 1, self.btn_color), ("9", 2, 2, 1, self.btn_color), ("×", 2, 3, 1, self.accent_color), ("4", 3, 0, 1, self.btn_color), ("5", 3, 1, 1, self.btn_color), ("6", 3, 2, 1, self.btn_color), ("-", 3, 3, 1, self.accent_color), ("1", 4, 0, 1, self.btn_color), ("2", 4, 1, 1, self.btn_color), ("3", 4, 2, 1, self.btn_color), ("+", 4, 3, 1, self.accent_color), ("0", 5, 0, 2, self.btn_color), (".", 5, 2, 1, self.btn_color), ("=", 5, 3, 1, self.accent_color) ] # 科学计算按钮 sci_buttons = [ ("√", 0, 0, 1, "#5C5C5C"), ("x²", 0, 1, 1, "#5C5C5C"), ("1/x", 0, 2, 1, "#5C5C5C"), ("⌫", 0, 3, 1, "#5C5C5C"), ("sin", 0, 4, 1, "#5C5C5C"), ("cos", 1, 4, 1, "#5C5C5C"), ("tan", 2, 4, 1, "#5C5C5C"), ("π", 3, 4, 1, "#5C5C5C"), ("log", 4, 4, 1, "#5C5C5C"), ("ln", 5, 4, 1, "#5C5C5C") ] # 创建科学计算按钮 for (text, row, col, colspan, color) in sci_buttons: btn = tk.Button( self.buttons_frame, text=text, font=self.button_font, bg=color, fg=self.text_color, activebackground=self.bg_color, activeforeground=self.text_color, bd=0, highlightthickness=0, command=lambda t=text: self.on_sci_button_click(t) ) btn.grid(row=row, column=col, columnspan=colspan, sticky="nsew", padx=3, pady=3) btn.config(height=1) # 创建基本计算按钮 for (text, row, col, colspan, color) in buttons: btn = tk.Button( self.buttons_frame, text=text, font=self.button_font, bg=color, fg=self.text_color, activebackground=self.bg_color, activeforeground=self.text_color, bd=0, highlightthickness=0, command=lambda t=text: self.on_button_click(t) ) btn.grid(row=row, column=col, columnspan=colspan, sticky="nsew", padx=3, pady=3) # 配置网格权重 for i in range(6): self.buttons_frame.grid_rowconfigure(i, weight=1) for i in range(5): self.buttons_frame.grid_columnconfigure(i, weight=1) def on_button_click(self, value): if value == "C": self.clear_all() elif value == "⌫": self.backspace() elif value == "=": self.calculate() elif value in ["+", "-", "×", "÷"]: self.set_operation(value) elif value == "±": self.toggle_sign() elif value == "%": self.percentage() else: self.add_to_input(value) def on_sci_button_click(self, value): try: current = float(self.current_input) if self.current_input else 0 if value == "√": if current >= 0: result = math.sqrt(current) self.display_result(f"√({current})", result) else: self.show_error("负数不能开平方根") elif value == "x²": result = current ** 2 self.display_result(f"({current})²", result) elif value == "1/x": if current != 0: result = 1 / current self.display_result(f"1/({current})", result) else: self.show_error("除数不能为零") elif value == "sin": result = math.sin(math.radians(current)) self.display_result(f"sin({current}°)", result) elif value == "cos": result = math.cos(math.radians(current)) self.display_result(f"cos({current}°)", result) elif value == "tan": if current % 90 == 0 and (current / 90) % 2 != 0: self.show_error("正切值不存在") else: result = math.tan(math.radians(current)) self.display_result(f"tan({current}°)", result) elif value == "π": self.current_input = str(math.pi) self.update_display() elif value == "log": if current > 0: result = math.log10(current) self.display_result(f"log({current})", result) else: self.show_error("对数参数必须大于0") elif value == "ln": if current > 0: result = math.log(current) self.display_result(f"ln({current})", result) else: self.show_error("自然对数参数必须大于0") except Exception as e: self.show_error("计算错误") def add_to_input(self, value): if self.result_displayed: self.current_input = "" self.result_displayed = False if value == ".": if "." not in self.current_input: if not self.current_input: self.current_input = "0" self.current_input += value else: if self.current_input == "0": self.current_input = value else: self.current_input += value self.update_display() def set_operation(self, op): if self.current_input: if self.previous_input and self.operation and not self.result_displayed: self.calculate() self.previous_input = self.current_input self.operation = op self.current_input = "" self.history_label.config(text=f"{self.previous_input} {self.get_operation_symbol(op)}") def calculate(self): if not self.previous_input or not self.current_input or not self.operation: return try: num1 = float(self.previous_input) num2 = float(self.current_input) result = 0 if self.operation == "+": result = num1 + num2 elif self.operation == "-": result = num1 - num2 elif self.operation == "×": result = num1 * num2 elif self.operation == "÷": if num2 == 0: self.show_error("除数不能为零") return result = num1 / num2 # 格式化结果 if result.is_integer(): result_str = str(int(result)) else: result_str = f"{result:.10f}".rstrip('0').rstrip('.') history_text = f"{self.previous_input} {self.get_operation_symbol(self.operation)} {self.current_input} =" self.history_label.config(text=history_text) self.current_input = result_str self.update_display() self.result_displayed = True self.previous_input = "" self.operation = None except Exception as e: self.show_error("计算错误") def display_result(self, operation_text, result): """显示科学计算结果""" if result.is_integer(): result_str = str(int(result)) else: result_str = f"{result:.10f}".rstrip('0').rstrip('.') self.history_label.config(text=f"{operation_text} =") self.current_input = result_str self.update_display() self.result_displayed = True def clear_all(self): self.current_input = "" self.previous_input = "" self.operation = None self.result_displayed = False self.history_label.config(text="") self.display.config(state='normal') self.display.delete(0, tk.END) self.display.insert(0, "0") self.display.config(state='readonly') def backspace(self): if self.current_input: self.current_input = self.current_input[:-1] if not self.current_input: self.current_input = "0" self.update_display() def toggle_sign(self): if self.current_input and self.current_input != "0": if self.current_input[0] == "-": self.current_input = self.current_input[1:] else: self.current_input = "-" + self.current_input self.update_display() def percentage(self): if self.current_input: try: value = float(self.current_input) / 100 if value.is_integer(): self.current_input = str(int(value)) else: self.current_input = str(value) self.update_display() except: self.show_error("错误") def update_display(self): self.display.config(state='normal') self.display.delete(0, tk.END) # 限制显示长度 display_text = self.current_input if self.current_input else "0" if len(display_text) > 15: display_text = display_text[:15] self.display.insert(0, display_text) self.display.config(state='readonly') def get_operation_symbol(self, op): symbols = { "+": "+", "-": "−", "×": "×", "÷": "÷" } return symbols.get(op, op) def show_error(self, message): self.history_label.config(text=message, fg="#FF3B30") self.current_input = "0" self.update_display() self.result_displayed = True def main(): root = tk.Tk() app = Calculator(root) root.mainloop() if __name__ == "__main__": main()