import turtle import colorsys import random import math # 设置窗口 screen = turtle.Screen() screen.setup(width=1000, height=800, startx=None, starty=None) screen.bgcolor("#0a0a1a") screen.title("复杂图形生成器 - 彩色旋转分形") screen.tracer(0, 0) # 关闭自动刷新，提高绘制速度 # 创建海龟对象 t = turtle.Turtle() t.speed(0) t.hideturtle() # 全局变量 current_pattern = 0 patterns = [] # 存储已绘制的图形 color_offset = 0 # 初始化颜色列表 def generate_colors(num_colors, offset=0): colors = [] for i in range(num_colors): hue = (i / num_colors + offset) % 1.0 saturation = 0.7 + random.random() * 0.3 value = 0.8 + random.random() * 0.2 rgb = colorsys.hsv_to_rgb(hue, saturation, value) color = "#{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}".format( int(rgb[0]*255), int(rgb[1]*255), int(rgb[2]*255) ) colors.append(color) return colors # 复杂图形1: 彩色旋转分形 def draw_fractal_spiral(): t.clear() t.penup() colors = generate_colors(20, color_offset) for i in range(200): t.pensize(2 + i/40) t.color(colors[i % len(colors)]) # 计算位置 angle = i * 5 radius = i * 2 x = radius * math.cos(math.radians(angle)) y = radius * math.sin(math.radians(angle)) t.goto(x, y) t.pendown() # 绘制小分支 for j in range(6): branch_angle = angle + j * 60 branch_radius = 20 + i/5 bx = x + branch_radius * math.cos(math.radians(branch_angle)) by = y + branch_radius * math.sin(math.radians(branch_angle)) t.goto(bx, by) t.goto(x, y) t.penup() screen.update() # 复杂图形2: 几何花朵 def draw_geometric_flower(): t.clear() t.penup() colors = generate_colors(12, color_offset + 0.3) for petal in range(12): t.color(colors[petal % len(colors)]) t.pensize(3) # 移动到花瓣起始位置 t.goto(0, 0) t.setheading(petal * 30) t.pendown() # 绘制花瓣 for i in range(60): t.forward(5 + i/2) t.left(5) t.forward(2) t.right(3) t.penup() # 绘制花心 t.goto(0, 0) t.pendown() t.color("#ffd700") t.begin_fill() for _ in range(36): t.forward(15) t.left(10) t.end_fill() t.penup() screen.update() # 复杂图形3: 曼德勃罗式分形 def draw_mandelbrot_style(): t.clear() t.penup() colors = generate_colors(15, color_offset + 0.6) for layer in range(10, 0, -1): t.color(colors[layer % len(colors)]) t.pensize(1 + layer/2) for i in range(360): t.penup() radius = layer * 20 angle = math.radians(i * 2) # 计算分形扰动 fractal_factor = 0.5 + 0.5 * math.sin(angle * 8 + layer) x = radius * fractal_factor * math.cos(angle) y = radius * fractal_factor * math.sin(angle) t.goto(x, y) t.pendown() # 绘制小细节 if i % 5 == 0: for j in range(3): detail_angle = angle + j * math.pi/3 detail_radius = 5 + layer dx = x + detail_radius * math.cos(detail_angle) dy = y + detail_radius * math.sin(detail_angle) t.goto(dx, dy) t.goto(x, y) screen.update() # 复杂图形4: 旋转立方体网络 def draw_rotating_cubes(): t.clear() t.penup() colors = generate_colors(8, color_offset + 0.9) for cube in range(5): t.color(colors[cube % len(colors)]) t.pensize(2) # 立方体位置 cube_x = (cube - 2) * 100 cube_y = 0 # 绘制立方体 for i in range(4): t.penup() t.goto(cube_x, cube_y) t.setheading(90 * i) # 绘制立方体边缘 for j in range(4): t.pendown() length = 40 + cube * 5 # 绘制边缘线 t.forward(length) t.left(90) # 绘制对角线 if j % 2 == 0: t.left(45) t.forward(length * 0.7) t.backward(length * 0.7) t.right(45) # 绘制连接线 if cube > 0: t.penup() t.goto(cube_x - 40, cube_y) t.pendown() t.color("#ffffff") t.pensize(1) t.goto(cube_x - 100, cube_y) screen.update() # 切换图形 def change_pattern(direction=1): global current_pattern, color_offset current_pattern = (current_pattern + direction) % 4 color_offset = (color_offset + 0.1) % 1.0 draw_pattern() # 重新绘制当前图形 def redraw_pattern(): global color_offset color_offset = (color_offset + 0.05) % 1.0 draw_pattern() # 绘制当前选择的图形 def draw_pattern(): patterns = [ draw_fractal_spiral, draw_geometric_flower, draw_mandelbrot_style, draw_rotating_cubes ] patterns[current_pattern]() # 添加文字说明 def add_labels(): label_turtle = turtle.Turtle() label_turtle.speed(0) label_turtle.color("white") label_turtle.penup() label_turtle.hideturtle() # 标题 label_turtle.goto(0, 350) label_turtle.write("复杂图形生成器", align="center", font=("Arial", 24, "bold")) # 操作说明 label_turtle.goto(0, -360) label_turtle.write("操作说明:", align="center", font=("Arial", 16, "bold")) label_turtle.goto(0, -390) label_turtle.write("左键点击: 切换图形 | 右键点击: 重新生成颜色 | 空格键: 随机颜色", align="center", font=("Arial", 12, "normal")) # 图案名称 pattern_names = [ "彩色旋转分形", "几何花朵", "曼德勃罗式分形", "旋转立方体网络" ] label_turtle.goto(0, 310) label_turtle.write(f"当前图案: {pattern_names[current_pattern]}", align="center", font=("Arial", 16, "bold")) return label_turtle # 随机颜色 def randomize_colors(): global color_offset color_offset = random.random() draw_pattern() # 设置键盘和鼠标事件 def setup_controls(): screen.onkey(lambda: change_pattern(1), "Right") screen.onkey(lambda: change_pattern(-1), "Left") screen.onkey(randomize_colors, "space") screen.onclick(lambda x, y: change_pattern(1), 1) # 左键 screen.onclick(lambda x, y: redraw_pattern(), 3) # 右键 screen.listen() # 主函数 def main(): # 绘制初始图形 draw_fractal_spiral() # 添加标签 add_labels() # 设置控制 setup_controls() # 保持窗口打开 turtle.done() if __name__ == "__main__": main()