import tkinter as tk from tkinter import ttk, messagebox import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg import numpy as np # 设置matplotlib支持中文显示 plt.rcParams["font.family"] = ["SimHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Heiti TC"] plt.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"] = False # 解决负号显示问题 class SimpleScoreChart: def __init__(self, root): self.root = root self.root.title("简易成绩走势图") self.root.geometry("800x600") self.root.resizable(True, True) # 预设多科目示例数据 self.preset_data = { "数学": [85, 88, 92, 89, 95, 90], "语文": [82, 84, 80, 86, 88, 85], "英语": [78, 85, 89, 92, 90, 93], "物理": [90, 88, 85, 87, 92, 89] } self.current_subject = "数学" self.scores = self.preset_data[self.current_subject] self.exam_names = ["第1次", "第2次", "第3次", "第4次", "第5次", "第6次"] # 创建图表 self.fig, self.ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 4), dpi=100) self.fig.patch.set_facecolor('white') # 设置图表背景为白色 # 构建界面 self.create_ui() # 初始绘制图表 self.update_chart() def create_ui(self): """创建用户界面""" # ========== 顶部控制区域 ========== top_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#f0f0f0", padx=10, pady=10) top_frame.pack(fill="x") # 1. 科目选择 ttk.Label(top_frame, text="选择科目：", font=("微软雅黑", 11)).grid( row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w") subject_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.current_subject) subject_combo = ttk.Combobox( top_frame, textvariable=subject_var, values=list(self.preset_data.keys()), font=("微软雅黑", 11), state="readonly", width=10 ) subject_combo.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5) subject_combo.bind("<>", self.on_subject_change) # 2. 自定义成绩输入 ttk.Label(top_frame, text="自定义成绩（逗号分隔）：", font=("微软雅黑", 11)).grid( row=0, column=2, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w") self.score_entry = ttk.Entry(top_frame, font=("微软雅黑", 11), width=30) self.score_entry.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=5, pady=5) # 填充当前科目成绩 self.score_entry.insert(0, ",".join(map(str, self.scores))) # 3. 功能按钮 update_btn = tk.Button( top_frame, text="更新图表", font=("微软雅黑", 11), bg="#4CAF50", fg="white", padx=10, command=self.on_update_click ) update_btn.grid(row=0, column=4, padx=5, pady=5) save_btn = tk.Button( top_frame, text="保存图表", font=("微软雅黑", 11), bg="#2196F3", fg="white", padx=10, command=self.save_chart ) save_btn.grid(row=0, column=5, padx=5, pady=5) # 4. 成绩统计展示 stat_frame = tk.Frame(top_frame, bg="#e8f4fd", padx=10, pady=5) stat_frame.grid(row=0, column=6, padx=15, pady=5) self.mean_label = ttk.Label(stat_frame, text="平均分：--", font=("微软雅黑", 10)) self.mean_label.pack(side="left", padx=5) self.max_label = ttk.Label(stat_frame, text="最高分：--", font=("微软雅黑", 10)) self.max_label.pack(side="left", padx=5) self.min_label = ttk.Label(stat_frame, text="最低分：--", font=("微软雅黑", 10)) self.min_label.pack(side="left", padx=5) # ========== 底部图表区域 ========== chart_frame = tk.Frame(self.root) chart_frame.pack(fill="both", expand=True, padx=10, pady=10) # 嵌入matplotlib画布 self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig, chart_frame) self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(fill="both", expand=True) def calculate_stats(self): """计算成绩统计信息""" mean_score = round(np.mean(self.scores), 1) max_score = np.max(self.scores) min_score = np.min(self.scores) return mean_score, max_score, min_score def update_chart(self): """更新成绩图表""" # 清空原有图表 self.ax.clear() # 计算统计信息 mean_score, max_score, min_score = self.calculate_stats() # 更新统计标签 self.mean_label.config(text=f"平均分：{mean_score}") self.max_label.config(text=f"最高分：{max_score}") self.min_label.config(text=f"最低分：{min_score}") # 绘制折线图 x = range(len(self.scores)) line = self.ax.plot( x, self.scores, marker='o', markersize=9, linewidth=2.5, color='#2196F3', markerfacecolor='#4CAF50', markeredgecolor='white', markeredgewidth=2 ) # 添加数值标注 for i, score in enumerate(self.scores): self.ax.text( i, score + 1.5, str(score), ha='center', va='bottom', fontsize=9, fontweight='bold' ) # 填充折线下方区域（渐变效果） self.ax.fill_between( x, self.scores, alpha=0.2, color='#2196F3' ) # 设置图表样式 self.ax.set_title(f"{self.current_subject}成绩趋势图", fontsize=16, pad=20, fontweight='bold') self.ax.set_xlabel("考试次数", fontsize=12) self.ax.set_ylabel("分数", fontsize=12) self.ax.set_xticks(x) self.ax.set_xticklabels(self.exam_names, fontsize=10) self.ax.set_ylim(0, 105) # 分数范围0-105 self.ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3, linestyle='--') # 设置坐标轴样式 self.ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False) self.ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False) self.ax.spines['left'].set_color('#cccccc') self.ax.spines['bottom'].set_color('#cccccc') # 刷新画布 self.canvas.draw() def on_subject_change(self, event): """切换科目""" self.current_subject = event.widget.get() self.scores = self.preset_data[self.current_subject] # 更新输入框内容 self.score_entry.delete(0, tk.END) self.score_entry.insert(0, ",".join(map(str, self.scores))) # 重新绘制图表 self.update_chart() def on_update_click(self): """点击更新图表按钮""" # 获取输入的成绩 input_text = self.score_entry.get().strip() if not input_text: messagebox.showwarning("警告", "请输入成绩数据！") return # 解析成绩数据 try: scores = [float(s.strip()) for s in input_text.split(",")] # 校验分数范围 for score in scores: if score < 0 or score > 100: messagebox.showwarning("警告", "分数必须在0-100之间！") return self.scores = scores # 更新考试标签 self.exam_names = [f"第{i+1}次" for i in range(len(scores))] # 重新绘制图表 self.update_chart() messagebox.showinfo("成功", "图表已更新！") except ValueError: messagebox.showerror("错误", "请输入有效的数字，用逗号分隔！") def save_chart(self): """保存图表""" try: filename = f"{self.current_subject}_成绩走势图.png" self.fig.savefig( filename, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight', facecolor='white', edgecolor='none' ) messagebox.showinfo("成功", f"图表已保存为：{filename}") except Exception as e: messagebox.showerror("错误", f"保存失败：{str(e)}") if __name__ == "__main__": root = tk.Tk() app = SimpleScoreChart(root) root.mainloop()